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21 комментарий

1. comment statement

оглавление; комментарий в виде указателя — directory comment

сухой и строгий комментарий — dry astringent comments

оператор комментария; комментарий — comment statement

текстологические комментарии — textological comments

комментарий в виде указателя — directory comment

2. note statement

предложение комментария — comment statement

3. narrative

4. remark

5. annotation

комментарии к программе — computer program annotation

6. commentary

юридический комментарий — juristic commentary

подстрочный комментарий — running commentary

остроумные комментарии — chuckly commentary

7. comment; commentary

воздержаться от комментариев — withhold comments

пояснительный комментарий — explanatory comment

распечатка с комментариями — commented listing

условный комментарий — conditional comment

комментарий к программе — program comment

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > комментарий
22 Williams, Sir Frederic Calland

SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology

[br]

b. 26 June 1911 Stockport, Cheshire, England

d. 11 August 1977 Prestbury, Cheshire, England

[br]

English electrical engineer who invented the Williams storage cathode ray tube, which was extensively used worldwide as a data memory in the first digital computers.

[br]

Following education at Stockport Grammar School, Williams entered Manchester University in 1929, gaining his BSc in 1932 and MSc in 1933. After a short time as a college apprentice with Metropolitan Vickers, he went to Magdalen College, Oxford, to study for a DPhil, which he was awarded in 1936. He returned to Manchester University that year as an assistant lecturer, gaining his DSc in 1939. Following the outbreak of the Second World War he worked for the Scientific Civil Service, initially at the Bawdsey Research Station and then at the Telecommunications Research Establishment at Malvern, Worcestershire. There he was involved in research on non-incandescent amplifiers and diode rectifiers and the development of the first practical radar system capable of identifying friendly aircraft. Later in the war, he devised an automatic radar system suitable for use by fighter aircraft.

After the war he resumed his academic career at Manchester, becoming Professor of Electrical Engineering and Director of the University Electrotechnical Laboratory in 1946. In the same year he succeeded in developing a data-memory device based on the cathode ray tube, in which the information was stored and read by electron-beam scanning of a charge-retaining target. The Williams storage tube, as it became known, not only found obvious later use as a means of storing single-frame, still television images but proved to be a vital component of the pioneering Manchester University MkI digital computer. Because it enabled both data and program instructions to be stored in the computer, it was soon used worldwide in the development of the early stored-program computers.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1976. OBE 1945. CBE 1961. FRS 1950. Hon. DSc Durham 1964, Sussex 1971, Wales 1971. First Royal Society of Arts Benjamin Franklin Medal 1957. City of Philadelphia John Scott Award 1960. Royal Society Hughes Medal 1963. Institution of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1972. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Pioneer Award 1973.

Bibliography

Williams contributed papers to many scientific journals, including Proceedings of the Royal Society, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Wireless Engineer, Post Office Electrical Engineers' Journal. Note especially: 1948, with J.Kilburn, "Electronic digital computers", Nature 162:487; 1949, with J.Kilburn, "A storage system for use with binary digital computing machines", Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 96:81; 1975, "Early computers at Manchester University", Radio \& Electronic Engineer 45:327. Williams also collaborated in the writing of vols 19 and 20 of the MIT Radiation

Laboratory Series.

Further Reading

B.Randell, 1973, The Origins of Digital Computers, Berlin: Springer-Verlag. M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall. See also: Stibitz, George R.; Strachey, Christopher.

KF

Biographical history of technology > Williams, Sir Frederic Calland
23 aparecer

v.

1 to appear (ante la vista).

su número de teléfono no aparece en la guía her phone number isn't (listed) in the phone book

Ricardo aparece al final siempre Richard appears at the end always.

2 to turn up (algo perdido).

¿ya ha aparecido el perro? has the dog been found yet?

3 to appear (person).

aparecer por (informal) to turn up at (lugar)

4 to appear to, to appear in front of.

Se me apareció una persona A person appeared to me.

Me apareció un fantasma A ghost appeared to me.

5 to encounter.

Se nos apareció un problema We encountered a problem.

* * *

aparecer

Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer

► verbo intransitivo

1 to appear

■ no aparece en la lista de invitados she's not on the guest list

2 (dejarse ver) to show up, turn up

■ ya apareció el dinero the money finally turned up

■ espero que no aparezca por mi casa I hope he doesn't show his face near my house

3 (en el mercado) to come out (en, onto)

■ ya ha aparecido su nuevo libro her new book has just been published

► verbo pronominal aparecerse

1 to appear

■ se le apareció la Virgen the Virgin appeared to her

* * *

verb

1) to appear, turn up

2) come out

* * *

1. VI

1) (=presentarse) to appear, turn up *

apareció en casa sin avisar — he appeared o turned up * at the house without warning

apareció borracho — he turned up drunk

2) [algo oculto] to appear, turn up *

aparecieron dos nuevos cadáveres en la fosa — two more bodies appeared o turned up * in the trench

3) [algo perdido] to reappear, turn up *

ya ha aparecido mi paraguas — my umbrella has finally reappeared o turned up *

4) (=surgir) to appear

han aparecido los primeros síntomas — the first symptoms have appeared

han aparecido pintadas en la fachada del ayuntamiento — some graffiti has appeared on the front of the town hall

5) (=editarse) [libro, disco] to come out

6) (=figurar) [dato, nombre] to appear

mi nombre no aparece en el censo electoral — my name does not appear on the electoral register, my name is not on the electoral register

aparece brevemente en una película reciente — he appears briefly in a recent film

2.

See:

aparecerse

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) síntoma/mancha to appear

b) objeto perdido to turn up

hizo aparecer un ramo de flores — he produced a bouquet of flowers

c) ( en documento) to appear

mi nombre no aparece en la lista — my name doesn't appear on the list

d) revista to come out; libro to come out, be published

2) persona

a) (fam) ( llegar) to appear, turn up

b) (fam) ( dejarse ver) to appear, show up (colloq)

no ha vuelto a aparecer por aquí — he hasn't shown his face round here again

c) (en película, televisión) to appear

3) (liter) ( parecer) to seem
2.
aparecerse v pron

a) fantasma/aparición

aparecerse a alguien — to appear to somebody

b) (AmL fam) persona to turn up

no te vuelvas a aparecer por aquí! — don't you dare show your face round here again!

* * *

= appear, become + available, come into + being, feature, give, occur, rise, pop up, show up, come into + existence, burgeon, surface, dawn, come through, come up, come with, come on the + scene, set in, crop up.

Ex. The statement of authorship is also transcribed and it appears in the work.

Ex. Mini and micro computers will become cheaper and information retrieval software will become available in more financially attractive, user friendly and tried and tested packages.

Ex. I think it would be useful to take just a few minutes to talk about how our institutions come into being.

Ex. If a corporate body is deemed to have some intellectual responsibility for the content of a work, then the name of that body will usually feature as a heading on either a main or added entry.

Ex. An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.

Ex. In DOBIS/LIBIS, this occurs only when entering multiple surnames.

Ex. The public library has two choices: to follow the dodo or to rise again like the phoenix.

Ex. It can pop up in one form one week and in another form another week.

Ex. Problems of community service seem to show up more clearly in the countryside.

Ex. Some university libraries have been built up over the centuries; others have come into existence over the last 40 years.

Ex. The other principal omission from UNESCO's 1950 listing was report literature -- a field of published record which has burgeoned in the last thirty years = La otra omisión principal de la lista de 1950 de la UNESCO fueron los informes, un área que se ha desarrollado en los últimos treinta años.

Ex. Power struggles are surfacing at major academic institutions across the USA.

Ex. However, because of the long duration of feudal society, modern civilization, including modern libraries, dawned in China later than in the industrialized Western countries.

Ex. More sophisticated accreditation systems are coming through, but these are currently relatively little used in these areas, and are more common in ecommerce applications.

Ex. She outlined the tasks she had been assigned and mentioned that if any emergencies came up she was the person to bring them to.

Ex. The problem comes with ideographic languages.

Ex. This is the first CD price cut since the media format came on the scene in the 1980's.

Ex. Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.

Ex. Although same problems with software applications, hardware and user training programmes had cropped up periodically, on balance, users are reasonably pleased with their acquisitions.

----

* aparece frecuentemente en = in evidence in.

* aparecer amenazadoramente = rear + its head.

* aparecer aquí y allá en = intersperse.

* aparecer en abundancia = come out of + the woodwork.

* aparecer en escena = hit + the scene.

* aparecer en gran número = pour (in/into).

* aparecer en la lejanía = loom.

* aparecer impreso = appear + in print.

* aparecer juntos = stand + together.

* aparecer por primera vez = premiere.

* aparecer por sí solo = stand on + Posesivo + own.

* aparecer repentinamente = spring up.

* aparecerse la virgen = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet, strike + lucky, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.

* aparecer solo = stand + alone.

* aparecer tarde = be a late arrival on the scene, be late on the scene.

* aparecer y desaparecer = come and go.

* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.

* idea + aparecer = idea + surface.

* los otros con los que aparece(n) = neighbours [neighbors, -USA].

* no aparecer = be not included.

* principio de archívese según aparece = file-as-is principle.

* que no aparece en primer lugar = nonfirst [non-first].

* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.

* tal y como aparece = as it/they stand(s).

* volver a aparecer = resurface.

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) síntoma/mancha to appear

b) objeto perdido to turn up

hizo aparecer un ramo de flores — he produced a bouquet of flowers

c) ( en documento) to appear

mi nombre no aparece en la lista — my name doesn't appear on the list

d) revista to come out; libro to come out, be published

2) persona

a) (fam) ( llegar) to appear, turn up

b) (fam) ( dejarse ver) to appear, show up (colloq)

no ha vuelto a aparecer por aquí — he hasn't shown his face round here again

c) (en película, televisión) to appear

3) (liter) ( parecer) to seem
2.
aparecerse v pron

a) fantasma/aparición

aparecerse a alguien — to appear to somebody

b) (AmL fam) persona to turn up

no te vuelvas a aparecer por aquí! — don't you dare show your face round here again!

* * *

= appear, become + available, come into + being, feature, give, occur, rise, pop up, show up, come into + existence, burgeon, surface, dawn, come through, come up, come with, come on the + scene, set in, crop up.

Ex: The statement of authorship is also transcribed and it appears in the work.

Ex: Mini and micro computers will become cheaper and information retrieval software will become available in more financially attractive, user friendly and tried and tested packages.

Ex: I think it would be useful to take just a few minutes to talk about how our institutions come into being.

Ex: If a corporate body is deemed to have some intellectual responsibility for the content of a work, then the name of that body will usually feature as a heading on either a main or added entry.

Ex: An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.

Ex: In DOBIS/LIBIS, this occurs only when entering multiple surnames.

Ex: The public library has two choices: to follow the dodo or to rise again like the phoenix.

Ex: It can pop up in one form one week and in another form another week.

Ex: Problems of community service seem to show up more clearly in the countryside.

Ex: Some university libraries have been built up over the centuries; others have come into existence over the last 40 years.

Ex: The other principal omission from UNESCO's 1950 listing was report literature -- a field of published record which has burgeoned in the last thirty years = La otra omisión principal de la lista de 1950 de la UNESCO fueron los informes, un área que se ha desarrollado en los últimos treinta años.

Ex: Power struggles are surfacing at major academic institutions across the USA.

Ex: However, because of the long duration of feudal society, modern civilization, including modern libraries, dawned in China later than in the industrialized Western countries.

Ex: More sophisticated accreditation systems are coming through, but these are currently relatively little used in these areas, and are more common in ecommerce applications.

Ex: She outlined the tasks she had been assigned and mentioned that if any emergencies came up she was the person to bring them to.

Ex: The problem comes with ideographic languages.

Ex: This is the first CD price cut since the media format came on the scene in the 1980's.

Ex: Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.

Ex: Although same problems with software applications, hardware and user training programmes had cropped up periodically, on balance, users are reasonably pleased with their acquisitions.

* aparece frecuentemente en = in evidence in.

* aparecer amenazadoramente = rear + its head.

* aparecer aquí y allá en = intersperse.

* aparecer en abundancia = come out of + the woodwork.

* aparecer en escena = hit + the scene.

* aparecer en gran número = pour (in/into).

* aparecer en la lejanía = loom.

* aparecer impreso = appear + in print.

* aparecer juntos = stand + together.

* aparecer por primera vez = premiere.

* aparecer por sí solo = stand on + Posesivo + own.

* aparecer repentinamente = spring up.

* aparecerse la virgen = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet, strike + lucky, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.

* aparecer solo = stand + alone.

* aparecer tarde = be a late arrival on the scene, be late on the scene.

* aparecer y desaparecer = come and go.

* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.

* idea + aparecer = idea + surface.

* los otros con los que aparece(n) = neighbours [neighbors, -USA].

* no aparecer = be not included.

* principio de archívese según aparece = file-as-is principle.

* que no aparece en primer lugar = nonfirst [non-first].

* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.

* tal y como aparece = as it/they stand(s).

* volver a aparecer = resurface.

* * *

aparecer [E3 ]

vi

A

1 «síntoma/mancha» to appear

los carteles han aparecido en diversos puntos de la ciudad the posters have appeared in various parts of the city

los tesoros arqueológicos que han ido apareciendo durante la excavación the archaeological treasures which have appeared o turned up during the dig

2 «objeto perdido» to turn up

¿aparecieron tus llaves? have your keys turned up yet?

hizo aparecer un ramo de flores he produced a bouquet of flowers

3 (en un documento) to appear

mi nombre no aparece en la lista my name doesn't appear on the list, my name isn't on the list

una cara que aparece mucho en las portadas de las revistas a face that often appears o features on the covers of magazines

4 «revista» to come out; «libro» to come out, be published

B «persona»

1 ( fam) (llegar) to appear, turn up, show up

2 ( fam) (dejarse ver) to appear, show up ( colloq)

no ha vuelto a aparecer por aquí he hasn't shown his face round here again

3 (en un espectáculo) «personaje/actor» to appear

apareció en dos o tres películas he was in o he appeared in two or three movies

C ( liter) (parecer) to seem

todo aparecía como un sueño borroso it all seemed like a hazy dream

el programa de explotación aparecía oscuro the operating program did not seem clear

■ aparecer

vt

( Méx) to produce, make … appear

■ aparecerse

v pron

1 «fantasma/aparición»: aparecerse A algn; to appear TO sb

su padre se le apareció en sueños his father appeared to him in his dreams

2 ( AmL fam) «persona» to turn up

se apareció de vaqueros she turned up o showed up in jeans

¡y no te vuelvas a aparecer por aquí! and don't you dare show your face round here again!

* * *

aparecer ( conjugate aparecer) verbo intransitivo
1
a) [síntoma/mancha] to appear

b) [ objeto perdido] to turn up;

◊ hizo aparecer un ramo de flores he produced a bouquet of flowers

c) ( en documento) to appear;

◊ mi nombre aparece en la lista my name appears on the list

d) [revista/libro] to come out

2 [ persona]
a) (fam) ( llegar) to appear, turn up

b) (fam) ( dejarse ver) to appear, show up (colloq)

c) (en película, televisión) to appear

aparecerse verbo pronominal
a) [fantasma/aparición] aparecerse a algn to appear to sb

b) (AmL fam) [ persona] to turn up;

◊ ¡no te vuelvas a aparecer por aquí! don't you dare show your face round here again!

aparecer
1 verbo intransitivo
1 to appear: su nombre aparece en los títulos de crédito, his name is on the credits
2 (acudir alguien, encontrar algo perdido) to turn up: apareció con su hija, he turned up with his daughter
el pasaporte apareció un mes más tarde, the passport turned up a week later
' aparecer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dejarse
- sacar
- salir
- surgir
- venir
- amanecer
- improviso
English:
alive
- appear
- arise
- conjure
- crop up
- develop
- listing
- materialize
- pop up
- return
- show
- show up
- sight
- spring
- surface
- turn up
- unaccounted
- view
- woodwork
- emerge
- mushroom
- pop
- reappear
- roll
- scene
- turn
- unaccounted for

* * *

aparecer

♦ vt
Méx [presentar] to produce;
inesperadamente Pedro apareció mis llaves Pedro quite unexpectedly produced my keys;

el mago apareció un conejo de un sombrero the magician pulled a rabbit out of a hat

♦ vi

1. [ante la vista] to appear;

el sol apareció detrás de las murallas the sun appeared o came up from behind the city walls;

aparecer de repente to appear from nowhere;

el mago hizo aparecer un conejo de su chistera the magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat;

su número de teléfono no aparece en la guía her phone number isn't (listed) in the phone book

2. [publicación] to come out;

la revista aparece los jueves the magazine comes out o is published on Thursdays

3. [algo perdido] to turn up;

¿ya ha aparecido el perro? has the dog been found yet?;

ha aparecido un cuadro inédito de Miró a previously unknown Miró painting has turned up o been discovered

4. [persona] to appear;

aparecer en público to appear in public;

aparece en varias películas de Ford she appears in several of Ford's films;
Fam
aparecer por [lugar] to turn up at;
Fam
hace días que Antonio no aparece por el bar we haven't seen Antonio in the bar for days, it's several days since Antonio showed his face in the bar;
Fam
¡a buenas horas apareces, ahora que ya hemos terminado! it's a bit late turning up now, we've already finished!;
Fam
¡y no se te ocurra volver a aparecer por aquí! and don't let me see your face round here again!

♦ See also the pronominal verb aparecerse

* * *

aparecer

v/i appear

* * *

aparecer {53} vi

1) : to appear

2) presentarse: to show up

3) : to turn up, to be found

♦ See also the reflexive verb aparecerse

* * *

aparecer vb

1. (en general) to appear

apareció un delfín muerto en la playa a dead dolphin appeared on the beach

2. (encontrarse) to turn up

¿ha aparecido tu cartera? has your wallet turned up?

3. (figurar) to be

su nombre no aparece en la lista your name isn't on the list

4. (llegar) to show up [pt. showed; pp. shown]

apareció en casa dos días después she showed up at home two days later

Spanish-English dictionary > aparecer
24 tema

m.

1 subject (asunto).

cambiar de tema to change the subject

temas de actualidad current affairs

tema de conversación talking point, topic of conversation

2 topic (education) (lección).

3 theme (Music).

4 obsession, mania.

5 musical track, track.

pres.subj.

1^st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: temer.

* * *

tema

► nombre masculino

1 (de discurso, escrito, etc) topic, subject, theme

■ el tema de su discurso the subject of her speech

2 (de examen) subject

3 MÚSICA theme

4 GRAMÁTICA root, stem, theme

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

atenerse al tema to keep/stick to the point

cada loco con su tema familiar everyone has his hobbyhorse

salir(se) del tema to go off at a tangent, get sidetracked

tema de actualidad current news item, current topic of interest

* * *

noun m.

theme, topic

* * *

SM

1) (=asunto) subject

luego hablaremos de ese tema — we'll talk about that subject later

el tema de su discurso — the subject o theme of his speech

es un tema muy manoseado — it's a hackneyed o well-worn theme

es un tema recurrente en su obra — it is a recurring theme in his work

tienen tema para rato — they have plenty to talk about

cambiar de tema — to change the subject

• pasar del tema *, -¿qué piensas de las elecciones? -paso del tema — "what do you think about the elections?" - "I couldn't care less about them" *

tema de actualidad — topical issue

tema de conversación — talking point

temas de actualidad — current affairs

2) (Ling) [de palabra] stem; [de oración] theme

3) (Mús) theme

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (asunto, cuestión) matter; (de conferencia, composición) topic; ( de examen) subject; (Art, Cin, Lit) subject

un tema delicado — a delicate matter o subject

tema de conversación — topic of conversation

temas de actualidad — current affairs

el tema de la novela — the subject matter of the novel

cambiar de tema — to change the subject

no se trató ese tema — that topic wasn't discussed

b) (Mús) ( motivo) theme

2) (Ling) stem

* * *

= subject, theme, topic, locus [loci, -pl.], rubric, item of business, thread, question, topic area, issue.

Ex. What is a subject?.

Ex. Informative abstracts are appropriate for texts describing experimental work, and document with a central theme.

Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.

Ex. The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.

Ex. And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.

Ex. The Midwinter Meeting of the American Library Association included various items of business such as: the ALA stand on UNESCO; a new dues schedule; grants; role of school librarians in ALA; new cataloguing tools; and standards.

Ex. The thread linking these giants is the acknowledgement that libraries exist to serve their users.

Ex. The question is not how much time we have, but what we do with it and how we utilize it.

Ex. This is the second revision of the topic areas in as many years.

Ex. These issues are reviewed more thoroughly in chapter 10.

----

* analizar un tema = explore + theme.

* biblioteca especializada en temas polares = polar library.

* biblioteconomía relacionada con los temas de las bibliotecas escolare = school librarianship.

* cambiando de tema = on another topic, on another matter, on another note, on other matters.

* centrado en un tema específico = topic-centred.

* clasificado por temas = classified.

* de acuerdo con el tema = thematically.

* debate por tema de interés = breakout discussion.

* desviarse del tema = go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, wander off + track, wander off + topic, go off + the track, get off + the track.

* desviarse del tema en cuestión = go off on + another track.

* desviarse del tema principal = sidetrack.

* desviarse de un tema temporalmente = go off on + side excursions.

* divagar sobre varios temas = roam over + topics.

* editor de temas educativos = educational publisher.

* el tema de la discusión = the focus of the discussion.

* el tema del debate = the focus of the discussion.

* entendido en el tema = knowledgeable.

* establecer el tema = set + the theme.

* estar con el tema = be on the topic.

* estar hablando del tema = be on the topic.

* estudiar un tema = pursue + subject.

* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.

* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* examinar un tema = explore + theme.

* frase que recoge el tema principal del artículo = topic sentence.

* grado de coincidencia entre el tema de un documento y el tema de búsqu = topicality.

* grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.

* interesarse por el tema = enter + the field.

* mencionar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, touch on + a point.

* número de tema = thematic index number.

* organizado alrededor de un tema = theme-based.

* por temas = topically.

* profundizar sobre un tema = go into + detail.

* que no tiene que ver con el tema debatido = off-topic.

* reunión por temas de interés = breakout session.

* sacar a colación un tema = bring up + topic, bring up + subject.

* sección de temas locales = local studies department, local studies library, local studies collection.

* sesión por tema de interés = breakout session.

* tema candente = hot topic, hot issue, burning issue, burning question, hot potato.

* tema central = motif.

* tema clave = key area.

* tema común = common thread.

* tema controvertido = vexed issue, vexing issue.

* tema de actualidad = topical theme, current issue, hot topic.

* tema de aprovechamiento político = political football.

* tema de búsqueda = search topic.

* tema de conversación = talking point.

* tema de debate = thesis, talking point, subject of debate, discussion topic.

* tema de discusión = discussion topic.

* tema de estudio = study area, under study.

* tema de importancia secundaria = footnote.

* tema de interés = area of concern, area of enquiry [area of inquiry], area of interest, focus area, issue of concern, topic of interest.

* tema de investigación = area of enquiry [area of inquiry], research question, research topic.

* tema delicado = sore subject, sore spot, sore point, sensitive issue, hot potato.

* tema de preocupación = issue of concern.

* tema de secundaria importancia = footnote.

* tema espinoso = sore subject, sore spot, sore point.

* tema favorito = hobby-horse.

* tema muerto = dead issue.

* tema polémico = vexed issue, vexing issue.

* tema principal = dominant theme, main focus, leitmotif.

* temas africanos = Africana.

* temas de actualidad = current affairs.

* temas de interés de los usuarios = user interests.

* temas de interés particular = particular concerns.

* tema sensible = sore subject, sore spot, sore point.

* tema tratado = aboutness.

* tocar un tema = touch on + a point.

* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.

* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.

* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (asunto, cuestión) matter; (de conferencia, composición) topic; ( de examen) subject; (Art, Cin, Lit) subject

un tema delicado — a delicate matter o subject

tema de conversación — topic of conversation

temas de actualidad — current affairs

el tema de la novela — the subject matter of the novel

cambiar de tema — to change the subject

no se trató ese tema — that topic wasn't discussed

b) (Mús) ( motivo) theme

2) (Ling) stem

* * *

= subject, theme, topic, locus [loci, -pl.], rubric, item of business, thread, question, topic area, issue.

Ex: What is a subject?.

Ex: Informative abstracts are appropriate for texts describing experimental work, and document with a central theme.

Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.

Ex: The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.

Ex: And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.

Ex: The Midwinter Meeting of the American Library Association included various items of business such as: the ALA stand on UNESCO; a new dues schedule; grants; role of school librarians in ALA; new cataloguing tools; and standards.

Ex: The thread linking these giants is the acknowledgement that libraries exist to serve their users.

Ex: The question is not how much time we have, but what we do with it and how we utilize it.

Ex: This is the second revision of the topic areas in as many years.

Ex: These issues are reviewed more thoroughly in chapter 10.

* analizar un tema = explore + theme.

* biblioteca especializada en temas polares = polar library.

* biblioteconomía relacionada con los temas de las bibliotecas escolare = school librarianship.

* cambiando de tema = on another topic, on another matter, on another note, on other matters.

* centrado en un tema específico = topic-centred.

* clasificado por temas = classified.

* de acuerdo con el tema = thematically.

* debate por tema de interés = breakout discussion.

* desviarse del tema = go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, wander off + track, wander off + topic, go off + the track, get off + the track.

* desviarse del tema en cuestión = go off on + another track.

* desviarse del tema principal = sidetrack.

* desviarse de un tema temporalmente = go off on + side excursions.

* divagar sobre varios temas = roam over + topics.

* editor de temas educativos = educational publisher.

* el tema de la discusión = the focus of the discussion.

* el tema del debate = the focus of the discussion.

* entendido en el tema = knowledgeable.

* establecer el tema = set + the theme.

* estar con el tema = be on the topic.

* estar hablando del tema = be on the topic.

* estudiar un tema = pursue + subject.

* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.

* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* examinar un tema = explore + theme.

* frase que recoge el tema principal del artículo = topic sentence.

* grado de coincidencia entre el tema de un documento y el tema de búsqu = topicality.

* grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.

* interesarse por el tema = enter + the field.

* mencionar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, touch on + a point.

* número de tema = thematic index number.

* organizado alrededor de un tema = theme-based.

* por temas = topically.

* profundizar sobre un tema = go into + detail.

* que no tiene que ver con el tema debatido = off-topic.

* reunión por temas de interés = breakout session.

* sacar a colación un tema = bring up + topic, bring up + subject.

* sección de temas locales = local studies department, local studies library, local studies collection.

* sesión por tema de interés = breakout session.

* tema candente = hot topic, hot issue, burning issue, burning question, hot potato.

* tema central = motif.

* tema clave = key area.

* tema común = common thread.

* tema controvertido = vexed issue, vexing issue.

* tema de actualidad = topical theme, current issue, hot topic.

* tema de aprovechamiento político = political football.

* tema de búsqueda = search topic.

* tema de conversación = talking point.

* tema de debate = thesis, talking point, subject of debate, discussion topic.

* tema de discusión = discussion topic.

* tema de estudio = study area, under study.

* tema de importancia secundaria = footnote.

* tema de interés = area of concern, area of enquiry [area of inquiry], area of interest, focus area, issue of concern, topic of interest.

* tema de investigación = area of enquiry [area of inquiry], research question, research topic.

* tema delicado = sore subject, sore spot, sore point, sensitive issue, hot potato.

* tema de preocupación = issue of concern.

* tema de secundaria importancia = footnote.

* tema espinoso = sore subject, sore spot, sore point.

* tema favorito = hobby-horse.

* tema muerto = dead issue.

* tema polémico = vexed issue, vexing issue.

* tema principal = dominant theme, main focus, leitmotif.

* temas africanos = Africana.

* temas de actualidad = current affairs.

* temas de interés de los usuarios = user interests.

* temas de interés particular = particular concerns.

* tema sensible = sore subject, sore spot, sore point.

* tema tratado = aboutness.

* tocar un tema = touch on + a point.

* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.

* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.

* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.

* * *

tema

masculine

A

1 (asunto, materia) subject

¿no tienes otro tema de conversación? don't you ever talk about anything else?

nos estamos alejando del tema we're getting off the subject o point

procuren ceñirse al tema del debate please try to keep to the point o subject o topic of the discussion

en el programa se tratan temas de actualidad the program deals with current issues

el tema de la novela the subject matter of the novel

hay que preparar 20 temas para el examen you have to prepare 20 subjects o topics for the exam

2 ( Art, Mús) (motivo) theme

el tema central de la película the central theme of the film

B ( Ling) stem

* * *

Del verbo temer: ( conjugate temer)

tema es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
tema
temer
tema sustantivo masculino
a) (asunto, cuestión) matter;

(de conferencia, composición) topic;
( de examen) subject;
(Art, Cin, Lit) subject;
◊ es un tema delicado it's a delicate matter;

tema de conversación topic of conversation;
cambiar de tema to change the subject
b) (Mús) ( motivo) theme

temer ( conjugate temer) verbo transitivo ‹castigo/reacción› to fear, dread;
‹ persona› to be afraid of;
◊ sus hijos le temen her children are afraid of her;

temo ofenderlo I'm afraid of offending him
verbo intransitivo
to be afraid;
no temas don't be afraid
temerse verbo pronominal
a) ( sospechar) to fear;

◊ ya me lo temía I knew this would happen;

me temo que tená razón I fear that he was right
b) ( en fórmulas de cortesía) to be afraid;

◊ me temo que no ha llegado I'm afraid he hasn't arrived

tema sustantivo masculino
1 (de un libro, una conversación) subject, topic: no cambies de tema, don't change the subject
2 (de una tesis, clase, conferencia) topic: no me preparé ese tema, I haven't studied that subject
nos dio una conferencia sobre el tema, he gave us a lecture on the topic
3 Mús theme
♦ Locuciones: familiar (cada uno a lo suyo) cada loco con su tema, each to his/her own
temer
I verbo transitivo
1 (sentir miedo, temor) to fear, be afraid: temo que lo haya oído, I'm afraid she heard it
sus hijos lo temen, his sons are afraid of him
2 (tener un presagio, presentir) temíamos que no viniera, we were afraid he wouldn't come
II verbo intransitivo to be afraid: temo por su vida, I'm afraid for his life ➣ Ver nota en afraid y fear
' tema' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abordar
- acotar
- adentrarse
- ahondar
- apartarse
- braga
- capítulo
- ceñirse
- circunscribirse
- concretar
- desviarse
- empaparse
- en
- enfoque
- enjuiciar
- enjundia
- espinosa
- espinoso
- ilustrar
- jota
- liosa
- lioso
- materia
- oscuras
- palpitante
- particular
- poca
- poco
- rehuir
- repasar
- soslayo
- trabajo
- actualidad
- apartar
- apasionante
- apasionar
- cambiar
- candente
- ceñir
- conflictivo
- conocer
- controvertido
- cuanto
- cuestión
- dar
- delicado
- desarrollar
- desviar
- discusión
- divagar
English:
about
- affair
- agenda
- anyhow
- bring forward
- bring up
- central
- change
- depart
- dominant
- enlarge
- euthanasia
- get off
- get on to
- get onto
- go off
- hobbyhorse
- ignorance
- issue
- motif
- point
- stray
- subject
- switch
- talking point
- theme
- topic
- touch on
- touchy
- bearing
- drop
- get
- go
- matter
- side
- sore
- talking
- track
- turn
- whichever
- wrong

* * *

tema nm

1. [asunto] subject;

será mejor no sacar/tocar ese tema it would be best not to bring up that subject;

¿de qué tema quieres que hablemos? what do you want to talk about?;

el tema de la película son las drogas the film deals with drugs;

alejarse o [m5] salirse del tema to wander off the subject;

cambiar de tema to change the subject;
Fam
el tema es que necesita ayuda the fact of the matter is she needs help

Comp
temas de actualidad current affairs;
tema de conversación talking point, topic of conversation;

tema espinoso thorny issue

2. [lección, unidad] topic;

en el examen entran cinco temas the exam covers five topics

3. [canción] track, song;

una versión de un viejo tema a cover of an old song

4. Mús [melodía básica] theme;

el tema principal de la suite the main theme of the suite

5. Ling theme

* * *

tema

m de conversación subject, topic; MÚS, de novela theme

* * *

tema nm

1) asunto: theme, topic, subject

2) motivo: motif, central theme

* * *

tema n

1. (en general) subject

no me interesa el tema I'm not interested in the subject

es un tema delicado it's a delicate subject

2. (canción) song

cantó todos sus viejos temas he sang all his old songs

Spanish-English dictionary > tema
25 escrito

adj.

written.

m.

1 paper, handwritten paper, manuscript, article.

2 note, script.

3 writ, brief.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: escribir.

* * *

escrito

► nombre masculino

1 (documento) writing, document, text

2 (obra) work, writing

■ los escritos de Orwell Orwell's writings

3 DERECHO writ

————————

escrito

► participio pasado

1→ link=escribir escribir

► adjetivo

1 written (mencionado) stated

■ un examen escrito a written exam

■ lo que viene escrito arriba what is stated above

► nombre masculino escrito

1 (documento) writing, document, text

2 (obra) work, writing

■ los escritos de Orwell Orwell's writings

3 DERECHO writ

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

escrito,-a a máquina typewritten, typed

poner por escrito to write down

por escrito in writing, in black and white

■ se lo mandé por escrito I sent it to him in writing

* * *

noun m.

1) written document

2) writings

* * *

1.

PP de escribir

2.

ADJ written, in writing

examen escrito — written exam

lo escrito arriba — what has been said above

3. SM

1) (tb: texto escrito) writing; (=documento) document; (=original) manuscript

por escrito — in writing

acuerdo por escrito — written agreement, agreement in writing

poner por escrito — to write down, get down in writing, commit to paper

tomar algo por escrito — to write sth down, take sth down in writing

no lo creeré hasta que no lo vea por escrito — I won't believe it until I see it in black and white o in writing

2) (Jur) brief

3) pl escritos (Literat) writings, works

* * *
I
- ta adjetivo < examen> written

por escrito — in writing

estar escrito: estaba escrito que iba a acabar mal he was destined to come to a bad end; tener/llevar algo escrito en la cara — to have something written all over one's face
II
masculino

a) ( documento) document

b) escritos masculino plural ( obras) writings (pl), works (pl)

* * *
I
- ta adjetivo < examen> written

por escrito — in writing

estar escrito: estaba escrito que iba a acabar mal he was destined to come to a bad end; tener/llevar algo escrito en la cara — to have something written all over one's face
II
masculino

a) ( documento) document

b) escritos masculino plural ( obras) writings (pl), works (pl)

* * *

escrito¹

¹ = writing.

Ex: His library, a rare survival of the Graeco-Roman period, comprised his own writings and philosophical readings.

* escritos = writings.

escrito²

² = scripted, written.

Ex: A program consisting of readings, improvised scenes, and scripted extracts from the author's work is the kind of project I have in mind.

Ex: When Britain coolly marked, if not celebrated, the tenth anniversary of membership, the number of written enquiries totalled no more than twenty a week.

* acuerdo escrito = written agreement.

* borrador escrito a mano = manuscript draft.

* borrador escrito a máquina = typewritten draft.

* comentario escrito = write-up.

* compromiso por escrito = written commitment, promissory.

* escrito a lápiz = pencilled [penciled, -USA].

* escrito a mano = handwritten [hand-written], in black and white, in handwriting, longhand [long-hand].

* escrito a máquina = typewritten.

* escrito en coautoría = co-authored.

* escrito por un negro = ghosted, ghost-written.

* escrito por un solo autor = single authored [single-authored].

* escrito por varios autores = multiauthored [multi-authored], collaboratively authored.

* escrito sólo por un lado = one-sided.

* historia escrita = written history.

* historia escrita, la = recorded history.

* lengua escrita = written language.

* lenguaje escrito = written language.

* mal escrito = mistyped, badly written.

* no escrito = unwritten.

* novela escrita a base de fórmulas o clichés = formula fiction.

* palabra escrita, la = written word, the.

* por escrito = in writing, in print, written.

* sociedad de tradición escrita = literate society.

* solicitud por escrito = written application.

* * *

escrito¹ -ta

adjective

‹examen› written

por escrito in writing

y lo quiero por escrito and I want it in writing o in black and white

se lo comunicarán por escrito you will be notified in writing

estar escrito: estaba escrito que no iban a verse nunca más they were destined never to meet again

estaba escrito que iba a acabar mal he was destined to come to a bad end, it was inevitable that he would come to a bad end

tener/llevar algo escrito en la cara to have sth written all over one's face

escrito²

masculine

1 (documento) document

presentaron un escrito detallando sus objeciones they presented a document detailing their objections

2 (examen) written test o examination

3 escritos mpl (obras) writings (pl), works (pl)

en los escritos de su juventud in his early writings

* * *

Del verbo escribir: ( conjugate escribir)

escrito es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
escribir
escrito
escribir ( conjugate escribir) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( anotar) to write;

◊ escríbelo aquí write it down here

b) ( ser autor de) ‹libro/canción/carta› to write

2 ( ortográficamente) to write;
◊ la escribió sin acento she wrote it without an accent;

no sé cómo se escribe I don't know how you spell it;
se escribe sin acento it's written without an accent
verbo intransitivo
to write;
◊ nunca le escribe she never writes him (AmE) o (BrE) writes to him;

escrito a máquina to type
escribirse verbo pronominal ( recípr): me escribo con ella we write to each other;
se escribe con un peruano she has a Peruvian penfriend o penpal
escrito 1 -ta adjetivo ‹ examen› written;
por escrito in writing
escrito 2 sustantivo masculino ( documento) document
escribir verbo transitivo to write
(a máquina, en el ordenador) to type
escrito,-a
I adjetivo written
escrito a mano, handwritten, longhand
una queja por escrito, a complaint in writing
II sustantivo masculino writing
por escrito, in writing
♦ Locuciones: estar escrito, to be destined
llevar escrito en la frente, to be written all over one's face

' escrito' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- borrador
- borrosa
- borroso
- cara
- comunicación
- dirigir
- ensayo
- escrita
- exponer
- extensión
- florida
- florido
- gusto
- instancia
- nota
- petición
- poner
- por
- preámbulo
- proyecto
- puntuación
- recado
- recorrer
- redacción
- réplica
- saluda
- suplantación
- tachar
- tachón
- trabajada
- trabajado
- alegato
- calumniar
- constar
- dicho
- difamar
- encabezar
- felicitación
- mano
- pie
- tic
- tomar
English:
black
- brief
- discuss
- down
- essay
- face
- handwritten
- letter
- line
- lionise
- note
- notification
- script
- set down
- sign away
- spree
- taste
- typescript
- typewritten
- waffle
- well-written
- write down
- write off
- writing
- wrongly
- yet
- account
- apply
- bad
- hand
- permit
- recorded
- reproach
- seal
- unwritten
- written

* * *

escrito, -a

♦ participio
ver escribir
♦ adj

written;

por escrito in writing;

Comp

estar escrito: estaba escrito que acabaría mal it was fated o destined to end badly;

estaba escrito que nos conoceríamos we were fated o destined to meet

♦ nm

1. [texto, composición] text;
[documento] document; [obra literaria] writing, work;
envió un escrito de protesta al ayuntamiento he sent a letter of protest to the council;

una antología de sus escritos periodísticos a collection of his journalism;

Comp
Fam
lo que no está en los escritos: trabajé lo que no está en los escritos Br I slogged my guts out, US I worked my butt off;

aquello pesaba lo que no está en los escritos it weighed a ton

2. Der brief

* * *

escrito

I part → escribir

II adj

1 written;

por escrito in writing;

escrito a mano handwritten

2

:

estaba escrito it was inevitable

III m

1 document

2

:

escritos pl writings

* * *

escrito pp escribir

escrito, -ta adj

: written

escrito nm

1) : written document

2) escritos nmpl

: writings, works

* * *

escrito¹ adj written

escrito² n document

Spanish-English dictionary > escrito
26 constancia escrita

• declaratory note

• note

• written contract

• written defamation

• written evidences for workers

• written report

• written-out program

Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > constancia escrita
27 программа выпуска облигаций участия в займе

General subject: loan participation note program (англ. термин взят из новостного сообщения агентства Fitch; русс. перевод взят из Программы выпуска облигаций участия в займе ОАО "Газпром",)

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > программа выпуска облигаций участия в займе
28 Presse

Presse f MEDIA, POL, V&M press • der Presse zuspielen MEDIA, POL leak to the press
* * *

f <Medien, Pol, V&M> press ■ der Presse zuspielen <Medien, Pol> leak to the press

* * *
Presse
press, papers, journalism, newspaperdom, fourth estate, (Kritik) press review, (Pressevertreter) newspapermen, journalists, press[men], (Schule) cramming establishment, cram shop, crammer;
• durch die [Mitwirkung der] Presse through the medium of the press;
• eben aus der Presse fresh from the press;
• in der Presse printing;
• die Presse the prints (US);
• ausgehaltene (bezahlte) Presse kept press;
• gesamte ausländische Presse all foreign newspapers;
• bestechliche Presse corrupt press;
• deutschsprachige Presse German-language press;
• konservative Presse press establishment;
• örtliche Presse local press;
• regierungsfeindliche Presse papers opposed to the government;
• schlechte Presse bad press;
• sensationslüsterne Presse yellow press;
• überregionale Presse national press;
• Presse jeglicher Art newspapers of every shade;
• j. in der Presse angreifen to attack s. o. down in the papers;
• in der Presse über eine Hauptversammlung berichten to cover a meeting of shareholders;
• Presse bestechen to subsidize the press;
• Presse auf den Plan bringen to round up the media;
• gute Aufnahme in der Presse finden to be favo(u)rably noticed by the press;
• für die Presse freigeben to release to the press;
• gute Presse haben to have (receive) a good press;
• schlechte Presse haben to knock (US sl.);
• mit der Presse ständig Verbindung halten to liaise with the press;
• Presse knebeln to muzzle the press;
• Presse mundtot machen to gag (suppress) the press;
• sich der Presse stellen to be available for the press;
• freie Presse unterdrücken to suppress the press;
• in der Presse erwähnt werden to figure in the press, (ausführlich) to get a very substantial coverage;
• etw. der Presse zuspielen to leak s. th. into the press;
• Presseabkommen press arrangement;
• Presseabteilung press department, publication division;
• Presseagent news agent, space bandit (sl.);
• Presseagentur press agency (association), news (press) service;
• Presseamt Central Office of Information (Br.), government information office;
• Presseankündigung press notice;
• umfassende Pressearbeit full press releases;
• Pressearchiv press archives;
• Presseartikel newspaper article;
• Presseattaché press secretary;
• Presseausschnitt press clipping (US) (cutting, Br.);
• Presseausweis press credentials;
• Pressebericht press (newspaper) report;
• entstellte Presseberichte press distortions;
• Presseberichterstatter newspaper (press) correspondent;
• Pressebesichtigung press view;
• Pressebesprechung press conference;
• Pressebetreuung press coverage;
• Pressebewertung von Software (Computer) software rating;
• Pressebüro syndicate, press office (bureau, agency);
• Pressechef press-relations counsel, press (publications) officer;
• Pressedienst news (press) service, news agency, press association;
• Presseeinrichtungen press facilities;
• Presseempfang reception of the press;
• Presseenthüllung press disclosure;
• Presseerklärung press statement;
• Presseerklärung abfassen to write a statement for the press;
• Presseexemplar press (review) copy;
• Pressefehde paper war[fare], press controversy;
• Pressefeldzug press campaign;
• Pressefoto press photo;
• Pressefotograf press photographer;
• Pressefreigabe press release;
• Pressefreiheit liberty (freedom) of the press, press freedom;
• Pressegalerie press gallery (Br.);
• Pressegesetz press law (bill);
• fernsehübertragenes Pressegespräch televised conversation with the press;
• vertrauliches Pressegespräch off-the-record press conference;
• Presseinformation press briefing;
• vertrauliche Presseinformation inside dope (sl.);
• Presseinterview press interview;
• Presseinterview ablehnen to refuse to give an interview to journalists;
• Pressekabine press box;
• Pressekarte press credentials;
• Presseklub press club;
• Pressekommentar press commentary;
• Pressekonferenz press (news) conference, press briefing;
• durchs Fernsehen übertragene Pressekonferenz [live] televised press conference;
• Pressekonferenz ohne besonderen Anlass on-the-record press conference;
• Pressekontingent press contingent, pool;
• Pressekontroverse press controversy;
• Pressekreise segments of the press;
• Pressekrieg paper war[fare];
• Presseliste press list;
• Presseloge press box;
• Pressemappe press kit;
• Pressematerial press material;
• freigegebenes Presse material, Pressemitteilung hand-out, press release;
• Pressemeldung press item;
• Pressemitarbeiter press assistant;
• Pressenachrichten press news (items, communications);
• letzte Pressenachrichten stop-press news;
• Pressenotiz newspaper announcement, handout, press release (item, note, notice), news release;
• Pressenotiz herausgeben to release a text for publication;
• Pressepolemik press controversy;
• Presseprogramm press program(me);
• Presserat press council;
• Pressereferent information (press) officer, press-relations counsel;
• sich durch die Mühlen des Presserummels drehen lassen to put o. s. through all the publicity hops (sl.);
• Pressesatzung press charter;
• Presseschau press review;
• Pressespekulationen auslösen to cause speculations in the press;
• Pressesprecher official spokesman;
• Pressestelle press office;
• Pressestimmen press quotations (comments);
• ausländische Pressestimmen extract of foreign newspapers;
• Pressestoff liefern to get into the papers;
• Pressesyndikat news syndicate;
• Pressetätigkeit press activities;
• Pressetelegramm press message;
• Presseüberwachung control of newspapers;
• Presseunterrichtung press orientation;
• Presseverband press association (US);
• Presseverbindungen press relations;
• Presseverlautbarung press release, handout, (für die Regionalpresse) home-town release;
• Presseverlautbarung herausgeben to release a statement to the press;
• Pressevertreter representative (member) of the press, press agent (representative);
• Pressevorschau press preview;
• Pressewerbung press publicity;
• Pressewesen journalism, press;
• Pressezar press tycoon, newspaper magnate;
• Pressezeichner cartoonist (US);
• Pressezensur censorship of the press, news censorship;
• Pressezentrum press center (US) (centre, Br.);
• Pressezitate press quotations.

Business german-english dictionary > Presse
29 Regionalabkommen

Regionalabkommen n WIWI regional agreement
* * *

n <Vw> regional agreement

* * *
Regionalabkommen
regional pact, area agreement;
• Regionalanzeigen regional ads (US);
• Regionalbank regional bank[er], provincial (interior, US, country, Br.) bank;
• Regionalbankscheck country cheque (Br.);
• Regionalbedürfnisse regional needs;
• Regionalbeihilfe regional development aid;
• Regionalbörse provincial stock exchange (Br.), regional exchange, out-of-town market (US);
• Regionalbüro regional office;
• Regionalclearing country (provincial) clearing (Br.);
• Regionalentwicklung regional development;
• Regionalfonds regional fund;
• Regionalgliederung regional organization;
• Regionalhandel regional trade;
• Regionalhaushalt (EU) regional budget;
• Regionalhilfe regional help (aid);
• Regionalhilfsmittel regional aid funds;
• Regionalinstitut regional institution;
• Regionalmarkt regional (provincial, Br.) market;
• Regionalökonomie regional economics;
• Regionalorganisation regional organization;
• Regionalplanung regional (town and country) planning;
• Regionalpolitik regional policy;
• neu gestaltete Regionalpolitik new-look regional policy;
• Regionalpresse regional press;
• Regionalprogramm (Rundfunk) regional program(me);
• Regionalstatistik regional statistics;
• Regionalsteuer regional tax;
• Regionalstreik sectional strike;
• Regionalstruktur divisionalized structure;
• Regionalstudie regional study;
• Regionaltarif local agreement (rate, tariff);
• Regionaluntersuchung regional study;
• Regionalverband regional association;
• Regionalvertretung provincial agency;
• Regionalwechsel country note (Br.);
• Regionalwirtschaft regional economics;
• Regionalzeitungen regional papers, provincial newspapers (press, Br.).

Business german-english dictionary > Regionalabkommen
30 azimio

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] accord

[English Plural] accords

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] azima N

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] intention

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] azima N

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] motion

[English Plural] motions

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] (parliamentary)

[Swahili Example] azimio la kutokuwa na imani

[English Example] no-confidence motion

[Note] Cf. '-azimu

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] motive

[English Plural] motives

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] plan

[Part of Speech] noun

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] program of work

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] azima N

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] project

[English Plural] projects

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] proposal

[Part of Speech] noun

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] purpose

[English Plural] purposes

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] resolution

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] azima N

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] scheme

[Part of Speech] noun

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[Swahili Word] azimio

[Swahili Plural] maazimio

[English Word] declaration

[English Plural] declarations

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Swahili Example] Azimio la Arusha

[English Example] Arusha Declaration

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Swahili-english dictionary > azimio
31 mradi

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] intentionally

[Part of Speech] adverb

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] hence

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] so long as

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] provided that

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] and then

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] therefore

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] accordingly

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] because

[Part of Speech] conjunction

[Swahili Example] mradi amelala msimwamshe

[English Example] because s/he is sleeping you shouldn't wake him/her.

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] provided that

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] since

[Part of Speech] conjunction

[Swahili Example] mradi amelala msimwamshe

[English Example] "Since he is asleep, do not wake him up".

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[English Word] and so

[Part of Speech] conjunction

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] ambition

[English Plural] ambitions

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] sasa ni mwalimu na ametimiza mradi wake

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] decision

[English Plural] decisions

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] sasa ni mwalimu na ametimiza mradi wake

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] desire

[English Plural] desires

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] sasa ni mwalimu na ametimiza mradi wake

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] goal

[English Plural] goals

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] sasa ni mwalimu na ametimiza mradi wake

[English Example] Now s/he is a teacher and has fulfilled her/his goal.

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] intention

[English Plural] intentions

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] plan

[English Plural] plans

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] sasa ni mwalimu na ametimiza mradi wake

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] program

[English Plural] programs

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] project

[English Plural] projects

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] Miradi inayotekelezwa ni ya ujenzi wa nyumba za watumishi [Masomo 363]

[English Example] The projects that are completed are the construction of civil servants' housing.

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] resolve

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[Swahili Word] mradi

[Swahili Plural] miradi

[English Word] whim

[English Plural] whims

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Note] rare

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Swahili-english dictionary > mradi
32 Darlehnsgläubiger

Darlehnsgläubiger
loan creditor;
• Darlehnshilfe loan assistance;
• Darlehnsinstitut lending institution;
• Darlehnskasse loan association (office, society, bank);
• staatliche Darlehnskasse government lending agency;
• Darlehnskassenschein treasury note (US), loan certificate;
• Darlehnskassenverein small loan company (US), remedial loan society (Br.);
• Darlehnskassenverein auf Gegenseitigkeit mutual loan society;
• Darlehnskonto loan account;
• alphabetisches Darlehnskonto loan (US) (loans, Br.) ledger;
• Darlehnsmakler loan agent (broker), loanmonger;
• Darlehnsmittel loan funds, (zur Lohnauszahlung gewährte) advances for wages;
• Darlehnsnehmer borrower, loanee, receiver of a loan;
• gewerblicher Darlehnsnehmer business borrower;
• Darlehnsnehmerin (Gesellschaft) borrowing corporation;
• Darlehnsprogramm lending program(me);
• Darlehnsquellen loans resources;
• Darlehnsquittung receipt for a loan, loan receipt;
• Darlehnsrückzahlung loan repayment;
• Darlehnssatz loan rate;
• am Darlehnsschalter Schlange stehen to be waiting at the loan window;
• Darlehnsschein loan certificate;
• Darlehnsschuldner (Bilanz) loans payable (US), debtors to a loan, borrowers;
• Darlehnssicherheit loan backing, collateral, security [for a loan];
• zurückgezahlte (zurückfließende) Darlehnssumme repaid loan;
• Darlehnssystem loan system;
• Darlehnsurkunde loan certificate, bond;
• Darlehnsusancen lending practices;
• Darlehnsverbindlichkeiten (Bilanz) loans payable;
• Darlehnsverein credit society (Br.) (cooperative);
• Darlehnsverlängerung extension of a loan;
• Darlehnsvermittler loan agent (broker), loanmonger;
• Darlehnsvermittlung procurement of a loan;
• Darlehnsverpflichtungen loan commitments;
• Darlehnsvertrag loan contract (agreement), contract of borrowing.

Business german-english dictionary > Darlehnsgläubiger
33 Prämienlos

Prämienlos
lottery bond (US);
• Prämienlotterie interest lottery;
• Prämienmakler (Börse) privilege broker (US);
• Prämienmarke trading stamp (US);
• Prämienmarkt options market (Br.);
• Prämienmittel premium funds;
• Prämiennachlass premium rebate, discount;
• Prämiennachlass bei Gruppenversicherung fleet discount;
• Prämiennachlass bei Schadenfreiheit (für unfallfreies Fahren) (Kraftfahrzeugversicherung) no-claim bonus (Br.), preferred risk plan (US);
• ausgeloste Prämiennummer prize-winning bond number;
• Prämienobligationen premium bonds (Br.) (debentures);
• Prämienpfandbriefe lottery mortgage debentures (Br.) (bonds, US);
• Prämienplan premium (savings) plan;
• Prämienprogramm incentive (bonus) program(me);
• Prämienprozentsatz percentage premium;
• Prämienquittung premium receipt;
• Prämienrabatt premium rebate, discount;
• Prämienrate premium rate (instalment);
• Prämienrechnung (Versicherung) premium note (advice), renewal notice;
• Prämienrecht ausüben (Börse) to exercise an option, to declare options;
• Prämienregelung premium system;
• Prämienregulierung (Versicherungsgesellschaft) rate adjustment;
• Prämienreserve unearned premium reserve, actuarial reserve, (Deckungsstock) premium reserve fund, (Lebensversicherung) reserve (life) fund, net value, insurance reserve;
• steuerfreie Prämienreserve tax-free fund;
• Prämienreserve zum Jahresschluss terminal reserve.

Business german-english dictionary > Prämienlos
34 dziennik

m 1. (gazeta) daily (paper) 2. (program) news
- dziennik wieczorny the evening news

- dziennik radiowy/telewizyjny radio/TV news

- w dzienniku pokazano odnaleziony obraz the recovered painting has been shown on the news
3. (pamiętnik) diary, journal
- prowadzić dziennik to keep a diary a. journal

- dziennik podróży a travel journal

- zapis w dzienniku an entry a. a note in a diary

- zapisać coś w dzienniku to write sth in a diary
4. (księga urzędowa) register
- dziennik lekcyjny a. klasowy a (class) register

- dziennik podawczy a. odbiorczy a correspondence register

- □ dziennik budowy Budow. building diary

- dziennik okrętowy Żegl. (ship’s) log

- dziennik ustaw Prawo law gazette

* * *

- ka; -ki; instr sg - kiem; m

( gazeta) daily (newspaper); (pot: wiadomości) daily news; ( pamiętnik) diary

dziennik lekcyjny lub klasowy — school lub class register

dziennik okrętowy/pokładowy — log-book

* * *

dziennik

mi

Gen. -a

1. (= gazeta) daily.

2. (telewizyjny l. radiowy) (daily) news.

3. (w szkole, w biurze) register; dziennik lekcyjny l. szkolny szkoln. class l. school register; dziennik okrętowy żegl. logbook, log.

4. (= pamiętnik) diary; dziennik podróży journey diary.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > dziennik
35 director, el

= principal

Ex. Anthony read the handwritten note he found in his mailbox from the principal of the high school at which he had been employed as head of the school media program for one month.

Spanish-English dictionary > director, el
36 devolver

v.

1 to give back (retornar) (delivered or paid).

si no queda satisfecho, le devolvemos el dinero (lo alquilado)(producto defectuoso, carta)(cambio) if you're not satisfied, we'll refund you o give you back the money

si ya lo tiene, ¿lo puedo devolver? if he already has it, can I bring it back? (en tienda)

Ella devolvió su afecto She reciprocated his affection.

Le devolví a María su carro I gave María back her car.

2 to return (corresponder) (favor, visita).

nunca me devuelves las llamadas you never call me back

María devolvió el bolso Mary returned the purse.

El programa devuelve errores comunes The program returns common errors.

3 to pass back (pelota).

4 to bring or throw up.

5 to throw up.

tener ganas de devolver to feel like throwing up

6 to vomit, to throw up.

María devolvió la comida que le cayó mal Mary vomited the food that was bad.

7 to be given back to.

Se me devolvió la cartera The wallet was given back to me.

* * *

devolver

Conjugation model [ MOVER], like link=mover mover (pp devuelto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (volver algo a un estado anterior) to put back, return

■ devuelve la lámpara a su sitio put the lamp back in its place

2 (por correo) to send back, return

3 (restituir un dinero) to refund, return

4 (una visita, un cumplido, etc) to return, pay back

■ nos devolvió la visita al martes siguiente he returned the visit the following Tuesday

5 (restaurar) to restore, give back

■ la democracia devolvió las libertades democracy restored freedom

6 familiar (vomitar) to vomit, throw up, bring up

► verbo intransitivo

1 familiar (vomitar) to throw up, be sick

* * *

verb

1) to return, give back

2) refund

3) vomit

* * *
( pp devuelto)
1. VT

1) (=retornar) [+ algo prestado, robado] to give back, return; [+ carta, llamada, pelota, golpe] to return; [+ polizón, refugiado] to return, send back

¿cuándo tienes que devolver esos libros? — when do you have to take back o return those books?

consiguió que le devolvieran las joyas — he managed to get the jewels back

leyó la nota y se la devolvió — she read the note and handed o gave it back to him

si nos devuelve el envase le descontamos 50 céntimos — if you bring back o return the container you'll get a 50-cent discount

devuélvase al remitente — return to sender

le devolvió la bofetada — she slapped him back

devuelve el florero a su sitio — put the vase back in its place

- devolver la pelota a algn

- devolver mal por bien

2) (Com)

a) (=rechazar) [+ producto, mercancía] [en mano] to take back, return; [por correo] to send back, return

devolvió el abrigo a la tienda — he took the coat back to the shop, he returned the coat to the shop

si a su hijo no le gusta lo puede devolver — if your son doesn't like it you can return it o bring it back

si desea devolverlo, usted se hace cargo de los gastos del envío — if you choose to send it back o return it you have to pay the postage

b) (=reembolsar) [+ dinero] [de una compra] to refund, give back; [de un préstamo] to pay back

si no está satisfecho con la compra le devolvemos su dinero — if you are not satisfied with your purchase we will refund your money o give you your money back

¿cuándo me vas a devolver el dinero que te presté? — when are you going to pay me back o give me back the money I lent you?

la máquina me devolvía las monedas — the machine rejected my coins

c) [+ cambio] to give, give back

me tiene que devolver cuatro euros — you have to give me back four euros, you owe me four euros

estoy esperando que me devuelva el cambio — I'm waiting for my change

no devuelve cambio — no change given

d) (Econ) [+ cheque sin fondos] to return

3) (=corresponder) [+ cumplido, favor] to return

¿cuándo me vais a devolver la visita? — when are you going to pay a return visit o to return the visit?

¿cómo podría devolverte este favor? — how can I ever return this favour?

4) (=restituir)

a) [+ salud, vista] to restore, give back

un sueñecito te devolverá la energía — a nap will give you your energy back

b) [a su estado original] to restore

el nuevo tratado ha devuelto la paz a la zona — the new treaty has restored peace to the area

el sonido del teléfono me devolvió a la realidad — the sound of the telephone brought me back to reality

5) liter [+ imagen] to reflect

el espejo nos devolvía una imagen distorsionada — the mirror reflected a distorted image of us

6) (=vomitar) to bring up

2.

VI (=vomitar) to be sick

creo que voy a devolver — I think I'm going to be sick

3.

See:

devolverse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( restituir) < objeto prestado> to return, give back; < dinero> to give back, pay back; < envase> to return, take back; < objeto comprado> to bring/take... back

tengo que devolver los libros a la biblioteca — I have to take the books back to the library

devolver al remitente — return to sender

devuélvelo a su lugar — put it back in its place; (+ me/te/le etc)

me devolvieron los documentos, pero no el dinero — I got my papers back, but not the money

le di diez pesos, me tiene que devolver dos — I gave you ten pesos, you need to give me two back

el teléfono me devolvía las monedas — the telephone kept rejecting my coins

la operación le devolvió la vista — the operation restored his sight

aquel triunfo le devolvió la confianza en sí mismo — that triumph gave him back his self-confidence

b) < preso> to return; < refugiado> to return, send back

c) (Fin) < letra> to return

2) ( corresponder) <visita/favor> to return

3) ( vomitar) to bring up, throw up
2.
devolver vi to be sick

tengo ganas de devolver — I feel sick
3.
devolverse v pron (AmL exc RPl) ( regresar) to go/come/turn back

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( restituir) < objeto prestado> to return, give back; < dinero> to give back, pay back; < envase> to return, take back; < objeto comprado> to bring/take... back

tengo que devolver los libros a la biblioteca — I have to take the books back to the library

devolver al remitente — return to sender

devuélvelo a su lugar — put it back in its place; (+ me/te/le etc)

me devolvieron los documentos, pero no el dinero — I got my papers back, but not the money

le di diez pesos, me tiene que devolver dos — I gave you ten pesos, you need to give me two back

el teléfono me devolvía las monedas — the telephone kept rejecting my coins

la operación le devolvió la vista — the operation restored his sight

aquel triunfo le devolvió la confianza en sí mismo — that triumph gave him back his self-confidence

b) < preso> to return; < refugiado> to return, send back

c) (Fin) < letra> to return

2) ( corresponder) <visita/favor> to return

3) ( vomitar) to bring up, throw up
2.
devolver vi to be sick

tengo ganas de devolver — I feel sick
3.
devolverse v pron (AmL exc RPl) ( regresar) to go/come/turn back

* * *

devolver¹

¹ = return, send back, hand over, refund.

Ex: For example, when documents on hold are returned, their document number are placed in the held-document-available queue.

Ex: It has been estimated that computers 1000 times faster than today's fastest supercomputers will be needed by the late 1980s to process the amount of data sent back by surveillance satellites.

Ex: Eventually, teachers should be able to ' hand the chalk over to the students' and take a back seat.

Ex: The tax will be refunded but there will be a budgetary shortfall until the refund is received and extra funding will be needed to tide libraries over this period.

* devolver el afecto = return + Posesivo + affection.

* devolver el importe = refund + payment.

* devolver el sentido a la vida = put + meaning + back in + Posesivo + life.

* devolver las esperanzas = a new lease of life.

* devolver la vida = bring + Nombre + back to life.

* devolver un favor = return + a favour.

* devolver un pago = refund + payment.

* no devolverse = be non-refundable.

devolver²

² = puke, throw up.

Ex: The word ' puke' is sometimes considered offensive.

Ex: He fell so hard that it made him throw up and both his legs swelled and went black and blue.

* * *

devolver [ E11 ]

vt

A

1 (restituir) ‹objeto prestado› to return, give back; ‹dinero› to give back; ‹envase› to return, take back

tengo que devolver los libros a la biblioteca I have to take the books back to the library

si le quedara grande la puede devolver if it's too big you can bring/take it back

devolver al remitente return to sender

devuélvelo a su lugar put it back in its place

(+ me/te/le etc): me devolvieron los documentos, pero no el dinero I got my papers back, but not the money

¿me podrías devolver el dinero que te presté? could you give o pay me back the money I lent you?

lo llevé a la tienda y me devolvieron el dinero I took it back to the shop and they gave me my money back o they refunded my money o they gave me a refund

le di diez pesos, me tiene que devolver dos I gave you ten pesos, you need to give me two back

el teléfono me devolvía las monedas the telephone kept rejecting my coins

la operación le devolvió la vista the operation restored his sight o gave him back his sight

el espejo le devolvió una imagen triste ( liter); it was a sad figure that he saw reflected in the mirror ( liter)

aquel triunfo le devolvió la confianza en sí mismo that triumph gave him back his self-confidence

2 ‹preso› to return; ‹refugiado› to return, send back

3 ( Fin) ‹letra› to return

B (corresponder) ‹visita/favor/invitación› to return

algún día podré devolverte este favor I'll return the favor one day, I'll do the same for you one day

ya es hora de que les devolvamos la invitación it's time we had them back o returned their invitation

C (vomitar) to bring up, throw up ( colloq)

■ devolver

vi

to bring up, be sick ( BrE), to throw up ( colloq)

tengo ganas de devolver I feel nauseous o ( BrE) sick, I feel as if I'm going to be sick ( colloq)

■ devolverse

v pron

( AmL exc RPl) (regresar) to go/come/turn back

* * *

devolver ( conjugate devolver) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( restituir) ‹ objeto prestado› to return, give back;

‹ dinero› to give back, pay back;
‹ envase› to return;
‹ objeto comprado› to bring/take … back;
◊ devuélvelo a su lugar put it back in its place;

devolverle algo a algn to return sth to sb;

‹ dinero› to give o pay sth back to sb;
◊ me devolvieron los documentos I got my papers back;

el teléfono me devolvía las monedas the telephone kept rejecting my coins;
la operación le devolvió la vista the operation restored his sight
b) ‹ refugiado› to return, send back

c) (Fin) ‹ letra› to return

2 ( corresponder) ‹visita/favor› to return
3 ( vomitar) to bring up, throw up (colloq)
verbo intransitivo
to bring up;
◊ tengo ganas de devolver I feel sick

devolverse verbo pronominal (AmL exc RPl) ( regresar) to go/come/turn back
devolver
I vtr (un libro, objeto) to give back, return
(dinero) to refund
II vi (vomitar) to vomit, throw up

' devolver' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
casco
- creces
- pelota
- reanimar
- vómito
- devuelva
English:
borrower
- bring back
- call back
- get back
- give back
- hand back
- hit back
- honesty
- move back
- pass back
- pay back
- reciprocate
- refund
- repay
- restoration
- restore
- return
- send back
- shoot back
- sick
- take back
- throw back
- throw up
- bounce
- bring
- give
- hit
- pay
- puke
- take
- throw

* * *

devolver

♦ vt

1. [restituir] [lo entregado o prestado] [automóvil, dinero, llaves] to give back (a to); [lo alquilado] [automóvil, televisor, videocinta] to take back, to return (a to); [producto defectuoso] to return (a to); [préstamo, crédito] to repay (a to);
si no queda satisfecho, le devolvemos el dinero if you're not satisfied, we'll refund you o give you back the money;

me devolvieron el dinero they gave me a refund, they gave me my money back;

¿qué plazo tienes para devolver los libros? when do you have to take the books back (by)?;

es un regalo para mi sobrino… si ya lo tiene, ¿lo puedo devolver? it's a present for my nephew… if he already has it, can I bring it back?;

precio exacto: esta máquina no devuelve cambio [en letrero] please insert the exact amount: no change given;

el Senado devolvió el proyecto de ley al Congreso con muchas enmiendas the Senate sent the bill back to the Congress with lots of amendments;

me devolvieron la carta por un error en las señas the letter was returned to me because it was not properly addressed

2. [volver a dar] to give back, to restore;

le devolvió la alegría it made him feel happy again;

el triunfo devolvió la confianza al equipo the victory gave the team back its confidence;

este aparato le devuelve la audición en un 70 por ciento this device will give you back 70 percent of your hearing

3. [restablecer, volver a colocar]
devolver algo a to return sth to;

devuelve los discos a su sitio put the disks back (where they belong);

devolvieron a los refugiados a su país de origen they sent the refugees back to their country of origin

4. [corresponder a] [favor, visita] to return;

devolver un agravio a alguien to pay sb back for an insult;

devolver los insultos a alguien to insult sb back;

le devolví el favor que me había hecho I returned the favour he had done me;

me dio un bofetón, pero yo se lo devolví he slapped me, but I slapped him back;

aún no me ha devuelto carta he still hasn't written back to me;

nunca me devuelves las llamadas you never call me back;

habrá que devolverle la invitación we'll have to return the invitation o invite him in return

5. [pelota] to pass back;

Jones devolvió la pelota a su portero Jones passed the ball back to the goalkeeper;

le devolvió la pelota no invitándole a su fiesta she returned the compliment by not inviting him to her party

6. [vomitar] to throw o bring up

♦ vi

to throw up;

tener ganas de devolver to feel like throwing up

♦ See also the pronominal verb devolverse

* * *

devolver

<part devuelto> v/t

1 give back, return;

devuélvase al remitente return to sender

2

:

devolver el cambio give change

3 fig: visita, saludo return

4 fam ( vomitar) throw up fam

* * *

devolver {89} vt

1) : to return, to give back

2) reembolsar: to refund, to pay back

3) : to vomit, to bring up

devolver vi

: to vomit, to throw up

♦ See also the reflexive verb devolverse

* * *

devolver vb

1. (en general) to return / to give back [pt. gave; pp. given]

tengo que devolverte las fotos I must return your photos

¿cuándo me devolverás el compact disc? when are you going to give me my CD back?

2. (a un sitio) to put back [pt. & pp. put]

devuelve los libros a la estantería put the books back on the shelf

3. (a una tienda) to take back [pt. took; pp. taken]

voy a devolver esta camisa a la tienda I'm going to take this shirt back to the shop

4. (dinero) to refund / to give back

me devolvieron el dinero they gave me my money back

5. (vomitar) to bring up [pt. & pp. brought] / to be sick

el niño devolvió la comida the baby brought his food up

creo que voy a devolver I think I'm going to be sick

Spanish-English dictionary > devolver
37 СИНТАКСИС

1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:

В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.

***

В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.

***

Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.

***

Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:

В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…

В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.

В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.

@ в результате

Можно опускать, трансформируя косвенный падеж в подлежащее (см. СИНТАКСИС)

В результате войны погибло много людей. – The war killed/claimed the lives of a lot of people.

В результате забастовки заводы были закрыты. – The strike closed down the factories.
@ в печати
Переводится посредством трансформации (косвенный падеж -> подлежащее) + (пассив -> актив) см. СИНТАКСИС

6 июля в афганской печати был опубликован закон о политических партиях. – On July 6 the Afghan press published the law on political parties.
В международной прессе сообщалось… - The international press reported… @
б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»

На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…

На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.

в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»

Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.

г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:

О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.

О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.

д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:

i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).

Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.

ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:

Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
*** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.

Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.

По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended

***
Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.

Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.

з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»

От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.

От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
*** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий

а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something

Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:

Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
*** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
в) Возможно опустить причастие:

Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.

г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:

Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.

3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:

there is

Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:

Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
4. Перевод безличных предложений.

It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего

Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.

Толкали его. – He was pushed.
Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.

Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:

Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.

7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.

Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.

Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.

Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.

Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
***

Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

Словарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > СИНТАКСИС
38 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

@всеобуч
образование
compulsory secondary education @обязательное обучение
образование
compulsory education @дошкольные учреждения
образование
preschool facilities @ясли
образование
nursery, creche @детский сад
образование
kindergarten, day-care center @ученик
образование
pupil, high-school student @студент
образование
college student @аспирант
образование
graduate student @выпускник
образование
graduate @учитель
образование
high-school teacher @преподаватель
образование
teacher, instructor @ассистент
образование
instructor, teaching fellow @лаборант
образование
departmental/laboratory assistant @ректор
образование
university chancellor/provost @декан
образование
dean @профессор
образование
professor @доцент
образование
assistant professor (approximate equivalent) @научный сотрудник
образование
research associate/researcher @средняя школа
образование
high school @школа с продленным днем
образование
school with after-school activities program @интернат
образование
boarding school @техникум
образование
technical school, community college @ПТУ @профессионально-техническое училище
образование
vocational school @ВУЗ @высшее учебное заведение
образование
institute of higher learning/college/ university @институт
образование
institute @НИИ @научно-исследовательский институт
образование
scientific research instititute (research institute) @НИОКР научно-исследовательские и опытно-конструкторские работы
образование
R and D (research and development) @юридический институт
образование
law school @медицинский институт
образование
medical school @педагогический институт
образование
teacher's college @дневник
образование
record of marks @отличник
образование
A student @пятерка
образование
A @двойка
образование
D @балл
образование
point (on an exam) @зачет
образование
credit, pass for a course @сдавать экзамен
образование
to take an exam @сдать экзамен
образование
to pass an exam @сессия
образование
exam period @шпаргалка
образование
pony, trot @поступать в университет
образование
to apply to a university @поступить в университет
образование
to be admitted to a university @окончить университет
образование
to be graduated from a university @плата за обучение
образование
tuition @стипендия
образование
scholarship @аудитория
образование
classroom @посещать занятия
образование
to go to class, attend class @заочные курсы
образование
non-matriculated/correspondence courses @курсы повышения квалификации
образование
advanced course, refresher course @записаться на семинар
образование
take/enroll in/register for a seminar @обязательный предмет
образование
required course @факультативный предмет
образование
elective course @специальность
образование
major @кафедра
образование
department @завкафедрой
образование
department chairman @факультет
филологический, философский

образование
division @дипломная работа
образование
senior thesis @курсовая работа
образование
term paper @аттестат зрелости
образование
high school diploma @диплом
образование
j. i diploma @научная степень
образование
academic degree @степень бакалавра
образование
B.A. @степень магистра
образование
M.A. @кандидатская степень
образование
Candidate; equivalent of American Ph.D. @докторская степень
образование
Doctorate; Russian highest graduate degree, higher than American Ph.D. @кандидатский минимум
образование
Ph.D. exams, comprehensives @диссертация
образование
dissertation, thesis
Note: тезис does not mean dissertation. Тезисы доклада is the summary of a report, the main ideas. Тезис means a basic assumption, idea.
@научный руководитель
образование
thesis adviser @оппонент
образование
discussant at dissertation summary @автореферат
образование
published dissertation summary @учеба без отрыва от производства
образование
part-time study @прогуливать
образование
to play hookey @записаться в библиотеку
образование
to get a library card @читательский билет
образование
library card @открытый доступ
образование
open stacks @

Словарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
39 СИНТАКСИС

1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:

В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.

***

В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.

***

Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.

***

Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:

В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…

В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.

В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.

- в результате
- в печати
б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»

На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…

На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.

в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»

Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.

г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:

О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.

О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.

д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:

i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).

Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.

ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:

Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
*** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.

Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.

По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended

***
Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.

Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.

з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»

От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.

От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
*** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий

а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something

Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:

Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
*** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
в) Возможно опустить причастие:

Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.

г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:

Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.

3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:

there is

Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:

Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
4. Перевод безличных предложений.

It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего

Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.

Толкали его. – He was pushed.
Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.

Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:

Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.

7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.

Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.

Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.

Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.

Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
***

Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

Русско-английский словарь переводчика-синхрониста > СИНТАКСИС
40 аварийное завершение

1. abend

завершение прогона — end of run

преждевременное завершение — abend

завершение воспроизведения ноты — note end

2. abnormal termination

стандартное завершение работы — normal shutdown

доказательство завершения — proof of termination

завершение работы программы — program termination

завершение цикла; выход из цикла — loop termination

завершение выполнения команды — instruction termination

3. emergency completion

макрокоманда завершения — completion macrocommand

завершение упражнения — completion of the exercise

раствор для завершения скважины — completion fluid

фонтанная арматура для завершения — completion tree

технология завершения скважин — completion technique

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > аварийное завершение

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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note — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 short letter ADJECTIVE ▪ brief, little, quick, short ▪ Just a quick note to wish you luck. ▪ handwritten, scribbled … Collocations dictionary
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programme note — programme notes N COUNT A programme note is an article written in a programme for a play or concert, which gives information about the performance or production. (in AM, use program note) … English dictionary
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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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program note

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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program note

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